The Labor Market Participation Of Single Mothers - 1408 Words

This group that is being proposed will be a group to assist unemployed single mothers become self-sufficient. This group will be for all women of ethnic. background. A survey conducted by Raise the Nation, estimate that almost 38% of single mothers live below the poverty line, as a result of lack of education (Lowry 2010). The Institute for Women’s Policy Research (2009) states that one out of every eight women who are the head of household for their families are unemployed. Increased employment was a central goal of the 1996 welfare reform. The labor market participation of single mothers has been a primary focus of welfare literature since then. Lerman Ratcliffe (2001) write: Moving welfare recipients from welfare to work was the primary goal of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. The act had generated increases in employment among mothers heading families (single mother), the group most likely to receive welfare (p. 3). As Kimmel (1998) states: particularly for single mothers, inadequate childcare options can be a obstacle to labor force participation. Without sufficient childcare, the trials of motherhood and employment can be taxing. Single mothers represent a group vulnerable to extensive contact with poverty. Groups that provided childcare, transportation, and group reminders had the highest participation. Research has shown that the strength of women groups is support (Kees Leech, p.425). Support will be seen by addressing theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Womens Role In The Economy1548 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Home to the Market† â€Å"The transfer of women’s work from the household to commercial employment is one of the most notable features of economic development† (Lewis, Historical Perspectives on the American Economy P. 550). In colonial America there was a distinct sexual division of labor. Men were property owners and heads of households. A man’s responsibilities included staple crop farming, hunting, and skilled craftsmanship in order to produce commodities for market (An EconomicRead MoreThe Effects Of Single Mothers On The Welfare System Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesMany researchers have been studying welfare to work, but not until recently has the focus resurfaced on the increase number of single mothers who left welfare for work and went back to the welfare system. According to the 2012 U.S. National Census Bureau,† Single mothers are heading more family households and living in poverty. Almost 31% of households headed by a single woman were living below the poverty line—nearly five times the 6.3% poverty rate for families headed by a married couple† ( U.SRead MoreWelfare Is A Government Program1111 Words   |  5 Pageschildren and unemployed individuals. Five programs that were created in order to make sure welfare was running smoothly were the Department of Human and Health Services (HHS), the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), the Department of Labor, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of Education (welfareinfo.org). Though the Social Welfare System seemed as though it was helping the poor, the system was seriously flawed and was only creating a crutch for the poor to lean on permanentlyRead MoreA Brief Note On Welfare And Related Expenses1254 Words   |  6 Pagesthe base of local economies (Ellwood). The American system of aid and its targeting of single mother families have long been accused of discouraging marriages and leading to the breakup of families. A child growing in such kind of a family unit may be affected in future friendships and relationship. Between 1970 and 200, the fraction of American households with kids under the age of 18 managed by single mothers more than doubled, rising from 12-26%. This change gave rise to some alarm. Female-headedRead MoreThe Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is a program that was set in place, in 1975, to improve â€Å"the2100 Words   |  9 Pagesmembers of the labor force, in that they must have labor income, and for the group that I will be focusing on, single mothers, total household income must be below $33,241 for single parents with one child and $37,783 for single parents with two or more children. According to Economist Hillary Hoynes, in a presentation given to the Chicago Federal Reserve Board in 2007, the maximum available credit for a single parent with 1 child was $2,853, with the maximum available credit for single parents withRead MoreRoles And Roles Of Women1693 Words   |  7 Pageseveryday life. Boushey wrote,† nearly 4 in 10 mothers (39.3 percent) are primary breadwinners, bringing home the majority of the family’s earning and nearly two-thirds (62.8percent) are breadwinners or co-breadwinners bringing home at least a quarter of the family earning.† According to The New York Times, U.S. Women on the Rise as Family Breadwinners, Catherine Rampell wrote that â€Å"four in 10 American households with children under 18 now include a mother who is either the sole or primary earner forRead MoreThe Effects Of Migration On Higher Educational Aspirations891 Words   |  4 Pagesit transitions from having a single-minded approach to one that is inclusionary of the vast experiences that women may experience based on their socioeconomic backgrounds. The main argument for the engenderment of migration studies is that gender cannot be analyzed as a variable that may affect the impact of migration on an individual. Instead, it should be evaluated as one of the â€Å"central theoretical concepts† that can shape the way in which female labor participation is examined by scholars (PessarRead MoreThe Potential Costs Of Investment Essay2146 Words   |  9 Pagesinvestment are shared between worker and employment, they both share costs and benefits of the firm-specialized training. The worker benefits because their initial earning potential is higher comparatively to the rest of the similar general training market workers; the worker also benefits in having job security or retained employment with the firm. But if the worker leaves, the potential costs fall to both the firm and the worker because the worker cannot carry his training elsewhere to another firmRead MoreInequality Between Men And Women1705 Words   |  7 Pagesthere are very obvious upward trends even if a gap still does exist. As of 2012, wome make up 52% of the labor force (Women in the Labor Force: A Databook, 2), which is a massive improvement from about 100 years ago. Starting in the late 1800s, young and single women made up majority of females in the workforce and the opposite held true for married women (Goldin, 4). The typically young and single women that made up the workforce didn’t have college degrees and the jobs that they were employed in,Read MoreWork-Family Life . Over The Past Century A Large Number1295 Words   |  6 Pages656)†. Today, â€Å"the labor force rate of mothers with children under age eighteen [has] increased from 47.4 to 71.6 percent† from 1975 to 2009 with new data suggesting upward to 80% of all mothers have entered the work force (Bianchi, 2011, Page 16). Sequentially, women return to work much sooner after giving birth, divorce rates have skyrocketed to nearly 50%, and the percentage of single mothers has sharply increased (Berkman, 2012, Page 656 ). The positive labor participation strides in the workplace